Seeping Through the Regulatory Cracks
نویسنده
چکیده
T management of toxic waste has become an increasingly global business. The worldwide generation of hazardous waste is currently around 440 million tons, of which an estimated 10 percent makes its way across international boundaries.1 A variety of industries generate toxic wastes, ranging from chemicals to electronics and from plastics to metal plating. These toxic wastes have adverse affects on the natural environment and have been linked with various health problems, including respiratory diseases as well as immune and reproductive disorders. These environmental and health concerns make decisions about where to dispose of toxic waste highly contentious politically, especially when transboundary issues are involved. Hazardous materials are nonetheless transported with relative ease from one country to another, albeit subject to certain rules. The international trade in hazardous wastes is governed by various national and international regulations, such as the Basel Convention, which purport to deal with wastes in an environmentally sound manner. Although the purpose of global regulations is to prevent adverse environmental outcomes, the existing agreements nonetheless contain several key weaknesses or “cracks” that allow the trade to continue, often in ways that fall short of environmental standards. Following is an overview of the rise of the waste trade and the rules that have come about to govern it.
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